THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF NATIONS AND GLOBALISATION Lesson Note
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This SS3 GOVERNMENT lesson note covers THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF NATIONS AND GLOBALISATION for First Term, Week 5.
Lesson Note
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
I. Define interdependence of nations.
II. Explain the reasons why nations depend on one another.
III. Explain Nigeria’s international interactions.
IV. Identify economic, political, cultural and social interactions between Nigeria and other nations.
V. State the advantages and disadvantages of international interaction.
VI. Explain the meaning of globalisation and its effects on nations.
CONTENT
INTERDEPENDENCE OF NATIONS
Interdependence of nations refers to the situation where countries depend on one another for goods, services, technology, security, information, capital, skills and other resources needed for development.
No country is completely self-sufficient. Countries therefore establish relationships and cooperate with one another to satisfy their needs and achieve their national interests.
REASONS FOR INTERDEPENDENCE OF NNATION
1. Differences in natural resources: Countries have different natural resources and depend on others for resources they lack.
2. International trade: Nations buy and sell goods and services to one another.
3. Technology: Developing countries may depend on technologically advanced countries for modern technology and expertise.
4. Security: Countries cooperate to fight terrorism, piracy, human trafficking and other international crimes.
5. Economic development: Nations obtain foreign investment, loans and technical assistance from other countries.
6. Education and research: Countries exchange students, researchers and knowledge.
7. Diplomatic relations: Nations cooperate to promote peace and settle international disputes.
NIGERIA’S INTERNATIONAL INTERACTION
Nigeria interacts with other countries in several areas.
ECONOMIC INTERACTION
Economic interaction involves the exchange of goods, services, money, investment and technology between Nigeria and other countries.
Examples include:
1. Nigeria exports crude oil, natural gas and other products to other countries.
2. Nigeria imports machinery, vehicles, electronics, medicines and other goods.
3. Foreign companies invest in Nigeria.
4. Nigeria receives foreign loans and development assistance.
5. Nigerian businesses trade with companies in other countries.
POLITICAL INTERACTION
Political interaction involves diplomatic relations, cooperation and discussions between Nigeria and other countries.
Examples include:
1. Nigeria maintains embassies and diplomatic missions in other countries.
2. Nigeria participates in the United Nations (UN) and other international organisations.
3. Nigeria takes part in international conferences and diplomatic negotiations.
4. Nigeria contributes to peacekeeping operations in other countries.
5. Nigeria cooperates with other countries in fighting terrorism and international crime.
CULTURAL INTERACTION
Cultural interaction involves the exchange of ideas, traditions, languages, music, food, fashion, literature and other cultural practices.
Examples include:
1. Nigerian music and films are enjoyed in other countries.
2. Nigerians learn foreign languages and cultural practices.
3. Foreign films, music and fashion influence Nigerians.
4. Cultural festivals and exhibitions encourage cultural exchange.
5. Nigerian artists and performers participate in international events.
SOCIAL INTERACTION
Social interaction involves relationships and exchanges among people from different countries.
Examples include:
1. International tourism and travel.
2. Exchange programmes for students.
3. International sporting competitions.
4. Migration and movement of people.
5. International conferences
GLOBALISATION
Globalisation is the increasing connection and integration of countries and people across the world through trade, technology, communication, transportation, investment and the exchange of ideas.
It has made the world more connected because people, goods, money, information and ideas can move across national boundaries more easily.
FEATURES OF GLOBALISATION
1. Increased international trade.
2. Rapid communication through the internet.
3. Movement of people across countries.
4. Growth of multinational companies.
5. Increased international investment.
ADVANTAGES OF INTERACTING WITH OTHER NATIONS
1. Economic growth: International trade and investment can increase national income.
2. Access to technology: Countries can obtain modern technology and technical knowledge.
3. Employment opportunities: Foreign investment can create jobs.
4. Improved education: Students and researchers can benefit from international exchange programmes.
5. Cultural exchange: Nations learn about one another’s cultures and traditions.
DISADVANTAGES OF INTERACTING WITH OTHER NATIONS
1. Cultural erosion: Foreign cultures may weaken some local traditions and values.
2. Economic dependence: Excessive dependence on foreign countries can weaken a country’s economy.
3. Unemployment: Some local businesses may fail when they cannot compete with imported goods.
4. Spread of harmful practices: Negative behaviours and ideas can spread across borders.
5. Brain drain: Skilled citizens may leave their country for better opportunities abroad.
Evaluation
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from options A–D.
1. Interdependence of nations means that countries
A. avoid one another
B. depend on one another for certain needs
C. refuse to trade with one another
D. have identical resources
2. Which of the following is an example of economic interaction?
A. International trade
B. Cultural festival
C. Diplomatic speech
D. Student friendship
3. Nigeria’s export of crude oil to other countries is an example of
A. political interaction
B. economic interaction
C. cultural interaction
D. social interaction
4. Nigeria’s participation in the United Nations is mainly an example of
A. political interaction
B. cultural interaction
C. family interaction
D. religious interaction
5. Which of the following promotes cultural interaction?
A. Cultural festivals
B. Border closure
C. Trade restrictions
D. Political conflicts
6. Globalisation has been greatly encouraged by
A. modern communication technology
B. isolation of countries
C. reduction in transportation
D. prohibition of international trade
7. One advantage of international interaction is
A. cultural isolation
B. access to modern technology
C. increased dependence on local products only
D. reduction in communication
8. One disadvantage of excessive international interaction is
A. improved education
B. cultural exchange
C. cultural erosion
D. technological development
9. When Nigeria receives foreign investment, it is an example of
A. economic interaction
B. cultural isolation
C. social conflict
D. political separation
10. Which of the following is a possible effect of globalisation?
A. Increased international trade
B. Complete isolation of countries
C. Elimination of communication
D. End of international cooperation
EVALUATION 2 (THEORY)
Answer the following questions:
1a. Define interdependence of nations and give four reasons why nations depend on one another.
1a. Explain four ways Nigeria interacts economically with other nations.
1c. Discuss Nigeria’s political and cultural interactions with other countries.
2a. Explain five advantages of interacting with other nations.
2b. State five disadvantages of international interaction and explain any three.